This section contains a listing of papers in the area of legislative
studies that have been presented at professional conventions in recent
months. Entries were taken either from preliminary or official convention
programs, and are categorized by topic. The convention at which the paper
was presented is noted under each topic as a sub-heading. The following
meetings are represented:
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| LEGISLATIVE RECRUITMENT, CAREERS, TURNOVER
AND PUBLIC APPROVAL BACK
TO TOP
MPSA: "Democracy With Pollsters: Can the Public Control Elected Officials Who Do Not 'Pander' to Public Opinion Polls?" S. K. Carter, U. of Connecticut. "Destined or Doomed: Seeking Power and Reelection in the U.S. House of Representatives," K. Kanthak, U. of Iowa. "Divided Lives and Double Binds: Revisiting Considerations of the Personal and Political," C. Simon Rosenthal, U. of Oklahoma. "Does Changing Chambers Lead to Changing Minds? Political Ambition and Roll Call Behavior, 1947-1997," T. Nokken, U. of Illinois. "Electoral Incentives Under Proportional Representation: A Statistical Test," F. E. Lehoucq, CIPEC, Indiana U., and D. Wall, Christopher Newport U. "Explaining Distrust in Government: Separating Out the Bad From the Worse," S. Jenkins, Loyola University, Chicago. "Gender Bias and Incumbency: The Media Coverage of Christine Todd Whitman's Candidacies, 1993 and 1997." L. L. Fowler and J. Rose, Dartmouth College. "Insights into Candidate Evaluation and Voter Turnout: The Value of Differentiating Positive and Negative Affect," A. Ankerbrand, Ohio State U. "Legislative Careers: The Personal and the Political," S. Thomas, Georgetown U. "Non-Parametric Unfolding of Binary Choice Data," K. T. Poole, Carnegie-Mellon U. "Nonincumbent U.S. House Candidates and Public Opinion Assessment," R. G. Boatright, U. of Chicago. "Playing by the House Rules: The Connection Between Chamber Folkways and Leadership Ascendancy," C. Williams, U. of Oklahoma. "Ranking the Speakers: Congressional Scholars' Perceptions of U.S. House Speakers," D. R. Still, Iowa State U. "Recruiting Representatives of Marginalized Groups to the Russian Regional Legislatures," D. J. Nowacki, Linfield College. "Risk Aversion and Members' Decision to Retire: The 102nd House Revisited," G. A. Fugate, U. of Colorado. "The Impact of State Senators' Race on Voters' External Incumbent Based Efficacy," C. S. Bullock III, U. of Georgia, and M. J. Scicchitano, U. of Florida. "The 1996 Congressional Gender Gap: A Study of Ballot Box Behavior of Men and Women," T.L. Butterfield, California Institute of Technology. "The People's Mandate: Public Support for Congressional Term Limits," K. Miler, U. of Michigan. "The Structure of Issue Conflict in American Public Opinion," W. G. Jacoby, U. of South Carolina. "Women's Recruitment to the European Parliament," J. B. Brzinski, Emory U. SWPSA: "Congressional Approval, System Support, and Political Behavior: The Effect of Minority Party Status in the Electorate," P. J. Ardoin and S. S. Sampson Jr., Southern U. "Ranking the Speakers: Congressional Scholars' Perceptions of U.S. House Speakers", D. R. Still, Iowa State U. "Values, Expectations, and Congressional Approval," G. Copeland and J. Jones, U. of Oklahoma. WPSA: "Before the Vote: Campaigning, Officeholding, and Political Partisanship of Women in Pre-Suffrage California," D.C. Schuele, UC Berkeley. "Legislative Candidate Recruitment," P. Squire, U. of Iowa, G. Moncrief, Boise State U.,and K. Kurtz, National Conference on State Legislatures. "Popular Evaluations of Political Institutions and Public Support for the EU," J. Post, American U. "Trust in Government: An Examination of the Effects of Differences in Media Portrayal of Policy Making in Washington," V. Chanley and D. D'Orto, Florida International U. "When Does Opportunity Knock? Career Opportunities for Women in Amateur and Professional State Legislatures," M. Petracca and R. VanVechten, UC Irvine. "Women's Legislative Recruitment in 46 Developing Democracies: A Comparative Contextual Analysis," W. Rule, U. of Nevada-Reno. CITADEL: "Party Realignment, Race, and the Career of Dallas Congressman Bruce Alger, 1954-1964," J. M. Phillips, U. of Texas-Austin.
LEGISLATIVE CAMPAIGNS AND ELECTIONS BACK TO TOP MPSA: "A Comparative Analysis of the Campaign Finances of State House Speakers," W. E. Cassie and J. Thompson, Appalachian State U. "Agenda Setting and Voter Response in Congressional Elections," P. S. Herrnson, U. of Maryland, and K. Patterson, Brigham Young University. "All Scandal Politics is Local: The Impact of Ethical Lapses on Congressional Election Advertisements," D. Shea, Lafayette College. "Business Cycles and Congressional Elections: The Impact of the Economy From 1872 to 1996," P. Lynch, Georgetown U. "Campaign Contributions: Narrowing the Field," A. L. Cooper, UNC-Charlotte. "Campaign Spending and Democracy: Public Boon or Public Bane?" J. J. Coleman, U. of Wisconsin. "Campaign Spending and Voting on State Ballot Initiatives," K. Mulligan, Free Congress Foundation. "Can Knocking on Doors Win Votes?" S. C. Brooks, U. of Akron. "Candidate Quality in U.S. House Elections: Candidate Emergence in the 1998 Elections," W. Stone, U. of Colorado, L. S. Maisel, Colby College, C. Maestas and S. Evans, U. of Colorado. "Competing Evaluations of Split-Ticket Voting in American National Elections," F. Mattei and J. S. Howes, SUNY at Buffalo. "Congressional Campaign Issues and Voter Concerns: Do Candidates Address Issues that Matter?" J. Dalager, Georgetown College. "Congressional Primary Turnout: A Reexamination," M. Ezra, National Science Foundation and Layfayette College. "Effects of Negative Campaigning on Senate Election Outcomes," R. Lau, G. Pomper and G. Mumoli, Rutgers U. "Explaining Incumbent Reelection," W. Berry, Florida State U., M. Berkman, Pennsylvania State U., and Stuart Schneiderman, Florida State U. "Framing Candidate Messages During the 1996 Minnesota U.S. Senate Campaign," A. Jasperson, U. of Minnesota. "Gender Bias and Selection Bias in House Elections," J. Milyo and Samantha Schosberg, Tufts U. "Have the Marginals Returned?" R. Yowell, U. of Kansas. "Home Sweet Home: The Role of State Economics in Senate Elections," B. J. Selden, SUNY Stony Brook. "Midterm Losses in Congressional Elections," D. Morris and E. Uslaner, U. of Maryland-College Park. "National Effects on Individual Senate Elections," S. Lasley and M. Stegmaier, U. of Iowa. "Newspaper Impacts and Gender: An Analysis of State Legislative Race Coverage in Illinois," G. Miller, U. of Illinois-Chicago. "Partisan and Individual Electoral Incentives in Gilded Age Congressional Elections," L. Reynolds, Arizona State U. "Political Parties, Campaigns, and Electoral Success: Does Institutionalization Matter?" B. Trish, Grinnell College. "Rational Expectations Coordinating Voting in American Presidential and House Elections," W. R. Mebane Jr., Carnegie-Mellon U. "Strategic Decision Making and Inexperienced Challengers," D. W. Romero, U. of Texas-San Antonio. "Television News and Newspapers in Congressional Elections: Kentucky 1996," J. Heyrman, Berea College. "The Changing South: Challenger Quality and Campaign Spending in Southern House Races," M. Streb, Indiana U. "The Efficacy of Electoral Targeting," E. Heberlig, Ohio State U. "The Flow of Money: Temporal Patterns of Individual Campaign Contributions in the 1990s," J. McAdams, Marquette U. "The Impact of Minnesota's Contribution Refund Program on State Legislative Races," G. Ramsden, Creighton U., and P. Donnay, Bemidiji State U. "The Missing Link: The Relationship Between Defense Expenditures and Electoral Outcomes," L. Schmidt, U. of Illinois-Chicago. "The Partisan Component to the Incumbency Advantage," B. Lockerbie, U. of Georgia. "The Rise of Institutional Loyalty and Democratic Losses in the 1994 House Elections," W. Bianco, Pennsylvania State U., and D. Lipinski, Duke U. "The Unchanging Role of Campaign Financing in U.S. House Elections," B. E. Herrera, Florida International U. "Trust in Government and Sources of Campaign Contributions in the 1996 Congressional Elections," S. Fisher, U. of South Alabama. "What You See Is. . . Essentially. . . What You Get: House Races in the Contemporary South," S. P. Berard, Southern Arkansas U., and D. Rohde, Michigan State U. "Why a Campaign Contribution is Not a Bribe," A. Hall, U. of Virginia. SWPSA: "Angry Voters: A Study of Negativity and the Media's Role in Split-Ticket Voting," W. T. Horner, U. of Texas. "Disentangling the Correlation Between Incumbent Behavior and the Individual Vote: A Pooled, Simultaneous Analysis," D. W. Romero and F. Sanders, U. of Texas, San Antonio. "Electoral Margins and Congressional Behavior," M. Yawn and R. Herrera, Arizona State University. "Electoral Uncertainty and Democratic Legitimacy," R. Grafstein, U. of Georgia. "Estimating the Incumbency Advantage: A New Approach to an Old Problem," R. K. Gaddie and L. E. McCollum, U. of Oklahoma. "Have the Marginals Vanished?" R. Yowell, U. of Kansas. "Running as Women? An Analysis of Female State Assembly Candidates' Campaign Communication," S. Greco Larson, Dickinson College. "The 'Angry White Male' and the Southern Gender Gap," J. Woods, U. of Toledo. "The Gender Gap in the 1996 U.S. Elections," C. Day, U. of New Orleans. "Voting Differences Among Women in the 1996 Election," T. Wong, U. of Texas. "Voting Behavior in the 1994 General Election: A Study of Washington County, Texas," M. E. Barnes, Blinn College. WPSA: "Have the Marginals Returned?" R. Yowell, UC Los Angeles. "Partisanship and Candidate Loyalism in Candidate Campaign Organizations," J. Bernstein, UC Berkeley. "Running Against a Woman: Advertising Strategies in Mixed-Sex Races for the United States Senate and the Impact of those Strategies on Candidate Evaluations," C. K. Chaney, U. of Wyoming. "Running as Latina: Building a Campaign," S. Garcia, St. Mary's U.-San Antonio. "Self-Financing Candidates in the 1996 Congressional Elections," J. A. Steen, UC Berkeley. "Sharing the Load: Political Party and Interest Group Cooperation in Congressional Elections," A. Keleher, UC Santa Barbara. "Social Context and Aggregate Turnout: Moving Beyond Purely Cultural or Institutional Approaches," E. Bergman and G. Segura, Claremont Graduate U. "The Issues that Matter: Congressional Campaigns and Voter Response," K. D. Patterson, Brigham Young U, and P. Herrnson, U. of Maryland. "The Relative and Absolute Decline of Turnout in Mature Democracies," M. Gray, UC Irvine. "When Less is More: Ballot Rolloff, Voting Patterns, and Ideological Consistency," A. M. Salvanto, UC Irvine. "Women and the California State Primary Elections, 1912-1970," L. Van Ingen, UC Riverside. CITADEL: "The Congressional Campaigns of Al Gore of Tennessee," P. A. Grant, Jr., Pace U. "What You See Is. . . Essentially. . . What You Get: House Races in the Contemporary South," S. P. Berard, Southern Arkansas U., and D. W. Rohde, Michigan State U.
REDISTRICTING AND REPRESENTATION BACK TO TOP MPSA: "A Normal Vote Approach to Redistricting Analysis," B. J. Gaines, U. of Illinois, R. J. De Figuereido Jr., UC Berkeley, and W. Tam, U. of Illinois. "African Americans and their Representative in Congress: Does Race Matter?" K. Tate, UC Irvine. "Between a Rock and a Hard Place: The Effects of Constituent Heterogeneity on Congressional Representation," J. C. Garand, Louisiana State U., and P. J. Ardoin, Southern U. "Cabinet Type and Representation," C. Beall, UC Santa Barbara. "Electronic Mail Communications Between Members of Congress and Constituents: The Impact of Political Participation and Roll Call Voting," C. Grose, U. of Rochester. "Heterogeneous Voting Behavior and Substantive Representation of Minority Interests in the U.S. Congress," K. Whitby and G. A. Krause, U. of South Carolina. "How to Predict the Effects of Redistricting-Better," M. Altman, Harvard U. "Legislator-Constituency Relations: Perspectives for a Five-Nation Study," D. M. Wood, M. Wood, V. Heitshusen, and G. Young, U. of Missouri, Columbia. "Majority Black Districts: Wastelands or Breeding Grounds? A View From the States," K. L. Haynie and K. D. Clark, Rutgers U. "Patchwork Districts and Representation: Multi-Racial Gerrymandering and Policy Outcomes in the States," D. Epstein and S. O'Halloran, Stanford U. "Perceptions as Mandates: The 104th Republican Freshmen Take Hold," T. J. Barnett, U. of Kansas. "Promises or Progress? Representing Black Interests in Congress," V. N. Sinclair, Ohio State U. "Redistricting and the Georgia Congressional Delegation: New Constituencies-New Interests," F. Carl Walton and S. Gissendanner, U. of Georgia. "Representational Performance: A Parsing of American Political History," J. S. Lapinski, Columbia U. "Revolutionaries and Represen-tation: A Study of Republican Women in the United States Congress," M. S. Leeper and S. McMillen, Wayne State College. "Shuttle Democracy: Contact Between Legislators and Constituents in the Contemporary US," A. Szarawarski, Harvard U. "The Error Margin in a Democracy: Mistaken Accountability and Voters' False Judgements About Their Representatives' Behavior," J. Gimpel, U. of Maryland. "The Puzzle of Women's Legislative Representation in Hungary's Hybrid Electoral System," K. Montgomery and A. Burnette, Illinois Wesleyan U. SWPSA: "Revolutionaries and Representation: A Study of Republican Women in the U.S. Congress," M. Leeper and S. McMillen, Wayne State U. "Who Are the Laws Made For?" J. L. McDowell, Indiana State U. WPSA: "Latino Representation and Ethnic Identity in Legislatures," C. Grose, U. of Rochester, and M. Quintanilla, U. of Pennsylvania. "Mitigating the Constitutional Distance Between Elected Officials and Their Constituents," R. Groper, UC Irvine. "The Impact of Racial Reapportionment on Party Vote Share in California," S. Bricker, UC Los Angeles. "The Influence of Institutional and Political Factors on Electoral Responsiveness and Partisan Bias in Congressional Redistricting," D. Ostdiek, Rice U. "The Reapportionment Revolution and Bias in U.S. Congressional Elections," J. Katz, California Institute of Technology, and G. Cox, UC San Diego. CITADEL: "African Americans and Descriptive Representation in the 50 State Legislatures," K. M. Middlemass, U. of Georgia. "Is the 65% Rule Needed? An Analysis of the Likelihood of Electing Minority Candidates in Southern State Legislatures," C. Grose, U. of Rochester. "Legislatures and Racial Redistricting: Are White Democrats the Missing Link?" K. Crayton, Stanford U.
LEGISLATIVE ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR BACK TO TOP MPSA: "A Modest Proposal: Reconciling Theories of Gridlock," C. Volden, Claremont Graduate University. "Committee Jurisdiction, Campaign Contributions, and Legislative Voting Behavior," S. B. Gordon, U. of Las Vegas-Reno. "Cosponsors, Wafflers, and Voters," C. Wolbrecht, U. of Notre Dame. "Crossing Boundaries of Party and State: Female MEPs, Gender Issues, and European Unity," A. Lowe, Ohio State U. "Explaining the Vote: Legislative Styles of Constituent Influence," E. Willey, Ohio State U. "Gender and Legislative Institutions: An Examination of the Legislative Behavior of Female Members of the First Czech Parliament, 1993-1996," S. Rajmaira and S. Q. Kelly, East Carolina U. "Gender and Participation in U.S. Senate Hearings," L. R. Winsky Mattei, SUNY Buffalo. "Gender Matters: Female Policymakers' Influence in Industrialized Nations," V. O'Regan, UC Riverside. "Getting the Message: Policy Mandates and Roll-Call Voting in Congress," L. J. Grossback, A. E. Gangl, and D. A. M. Peterson, U. of Minnesota, and J. A. Stimson, U. of North Carolina. "Lawmakers and the Law: Legal Orientations Among Russian Legislators," W. M. Reisinger, U. of Iowa. "Legislative Activity and Effectiveness in the U.S. Senate: Reaping the Rewards of Seniority," L. W. Arnold, Southern Illinois U. "Manipulating the Message in the U.S. Congress," P. Sellers, Indiana U. "Mr. Smith and His Staff Goes to Washington: A Study of Participation in the U.S. Senate," B. J. Selden and M. Nickelsburg, SUNY Stonybrook. "Racial and Gender Differences in Roll Call Voting: The Cases of Illinois and California," M. A. Barnello and K. A. Bratton, Binghamton U. "Senatorial Behavior and Constituent Information: Do the Media Bridge the Gap?" W. Schiller, Brown U. and Brookings Institution. "The Causes and Effects of Members' Negative (and Positive?) Evaluations of the U.S. Congress," D. Lipinski, Duke U. "The Difference: Women Policymakers in Texas," T. L. Gilmour, Midland College. "The Meaning of Ideology and its Role in Predicting Behavior," T. Carsey and R. McGee, U. of Illinois- Chicago. "The Puzzle of Universalism in the House and Senate," B. J. Gaines and B. Sala, U. of Illinois. "The Responsiveness of Senate Voting Behavior to Constituency Opinion," B. McCuen, U. of Iowa, and C. Tien, Hunter College, CUNY. "What do Candidates Maximize (and Why Should We Care)?" J. Milyo, Tufts U. "Women in Congress: The Difference it Makes," J. E. Strauss, Northwestern U. "'Killer' Amendments in Congress," J. D. Wilkerson, U. of Washington-Seattle. SWPSA: "Motivations of Members in the 1997-1998 Oklahoma Legislature," R. Farmer, U. of Akron. "The Postreform Speakership and the Media," G. L. Malecha, U. of Portland, and D. J. Reagan, Ball State U. "Trustee or Delegate? Legislative Behavior and Executive Questioning in the British House of Commons," M. Shephard, U. of Houston. "Views from the Top: Black Female Leaders Assessing their Leadership Roles," R. Kleff, M. Yancy, and R. Bartell, Virginia Union U. "Whole-Loafers (purists) and Half-Loafers (incrementalists): Junior Republicans Learn the Hard Way about Governing in Congress," T. J. Barnett, U. of Kansas. "Women and Politics, Women's Movement, Women and Organizations," R. E. Biles, Sam Houston State U. WPSA: "Mending the Cone of Silence: Accounting for Ideology, Intensity, and Subconstituencies of Roll Call Votes," B. Bishin, UC Los Angeles. "Mitigation Control as Regulation: International Bargaining and Congressional Behavior," M. Rosenblum, UC San Diego. "The Changing Character of Political Ambition Among Women Office Holders," S. Weir, Western Washington U. CITADEL: "A Longitudinal Analysis of Southern Congressional Voting Behavior," D. Green, American U. "When Legislators Change Sides: The Implications of Party Defections in the South," J. M. Glaser, Tufts U.
LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEES BACK TO TOP MPSA: "Changes in the Senate Judiciary Committee Hearings for Appeals Court Judges : The Effects of the Bork Hearings," L. M. Holmes, U. of Georgia. "Committee Assignments as Side Payments: The Interplay of Leadership and Committee Development in the Era of Good Feeling," C. Stewart, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and J. Jenkins, U. of Illinois. "Committee Organization and Activities in Post-Communist Legislatures," D. M. Olson and W. Crowther, U. of North Carolina-Greensboro. "Committee Transfers and the Subjective Value of a House Seat," J. L. Bernsetin, Eastern Michigan U. "Intercommittee Transfers and their Determinants," S. Ahuja, U. of Southwestern Louisiana. "Tricameralism and Divided Government: A Formal Model of Conference Committee Behavior," R. J. Moiles, Michigan State U. SWPSA: "The Evolution of Committee Powers and Restrictions in State Legislatures," K. E. Hamm, Rice U., R. D. Hedlund, Northeastern U., and N. Martorano, Rice U. WPSA: "Partisan Committee Assignments in the Post-War Senate," A. Campbell, UC San Diego. "Simple Versus Complex Conferences: Does Size Matter?" R. Hennig, UC Los Angeles.
POLITCAL PARTIES, NON-PARTY CAUCUSES AND INFORMAL GROUPS BACK TO TOP MPSA: "Changing Minds or Just Changing Parties? Assessing the Voting Behavior of Congressional Party Switchers," E. Heberlig and P. Radcliffe, Ohio State U. "Congressional Parties and Primary Elections," M. M. Berger, Duke U. "Do Parties Matter?" Barbara Sinclair, UC Los Angeles. "Dynamics of Congressional Loyalty: Party Defection and Roll Call Behavior, 1947-1997," T. Nokken, U. of Illinois. "Explaining Party Aggregation in SMSP Electoral Systems," P. Chhibber, U. of Michigan. "'Generational Change' and Party Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives," J. A. DeSart, Florida Atlantic U. "Group Components of Partisanship and Party Coalitions Across the States," R. Jackson, Washington State U. "Legislative Sponsorship and Cohesion: The Congressional Black Caucus and the Calculus of Bill Introduction," N. Pinney, Western Michigan U., and G. Serra, Bridgewater State College. "Measuring Conditional Party Government," J. Aldrich, Duke U., and D. Rohde, Michigan State U. "Parties and the Volume of Law Production, 1947-1994," D. R. Jones, UC Los Angeles. "Party Apostasy: The Case of Ben Nighthorse Campbell," M. Gruberg, U. of Wisconsin. "Party Building in an Unstable Era: An Institutional Analysis, 1824-1828," J. Jenkins and B. Sala, U. of Illinois. "Party Leaders in the U.S. House and Institutional Appointments: New Evidence from the Tenure of Speakers O'Neill and Wright," J. L. Mason, U. of Texas at Austin. "Party Support in the U.S. House of Representatives: A Case Study of the 104th Congress," S. McClurg, Washington U. in St. Louis. "Party Switchers v. Loyalists in the U.S. House of Representatives: A Comparison by State Delegations," A. Reeves, U. of North Carolina. "Party Unity Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives," J. Saunders, George Washington U. "Political Parties and Strategic Allocation of 'Hard Money,'" G. Glasgow, California Institute of Technology. "The Freshmen: What Happened to the Republican Revolution?" L. Killian, Washington, D.C. "The Ideology of the United States: An Alternative Measure of Political Alignment," B. R. Summers, Southern Illinois U. "The Independent Effect of Party on Roll Call Voting in the U.S. House of Representatives," G. Hager and J. Talbert, U. of Kentucky. "The Influence of Diminishing Party Identification on Incentives for Congressional Candidates," R. L. Boucher, American U. "The Influence of the Minority Party in the Legislative Process: The Democrats in the 104th and 105th Congresses," A. D. Howard, U. of Oklahoma. SWPSA: "Evangelical Influence and Party Divisions in Southern State Republican Party Organizations," J. Kuzenski, The Citadel. "Race, Social Welfare, and Crime: Contextual Influences on Changing Southern Partisanship," C. McCurley, East Carolina U. "The Texas Legislative Black Caucus and Policy Influence in the 75th Legislature," M. Briscoe, Texas Christian U. WPSA: "Abortion and Realignment: Itemizing the Deductions for the Party Coalitions," E. A. Cook, Georgetown U., T. G. Jelen, U. of Nevada-Las Vegas, and C. Wilcox, Georgetown U. "Black Law-Makers in the Quaker State: An Overview at the Pennsylvania Black Legislative Caucus, 1970-1990," K. M. James, U. of South Carolina, and C. E. Jones, Georgia State University. "From Disappearance to Dominance: Repositioning the Whigs as Republicans," K. Finegold and E. Swift, Eastern Washington U. "It's My Party and I'll Stress if I Want To: The Impact of Fiscal Stress on Congressional Party Conflict," N.D. Woods, U. of Kentucky. "Move Over, Here We Come: Voting Behavior Within the Hispanic Caucus," C. Menifield, Murray State U. "Partisan Bias in U.S. Congressional Elections: Why the Democrats Have Usually Been More Successful in the House than in the Senate, 1952-1996," T. Brunell, UC Irvine. "Party Discipline in Germany: An Analysis of Roll Call Votes," R. B. Wornall, UC Los Angeles. "Political Parties and Strategic Allocation of 'Hard Money,'" G. Glasgow, California Institute of Technology. "Proportional Representation, Party Cohesiveness, and the Future of the New Zealand Party System," M. Ganley, U. of Auckland. "The Impact of In-Migration on Party Elites: The Case of South Carolina," L. Moreland, The Citadel. "The Impact of Social Cleavages and Electoral Rules on the Effective Number of Parties," M. Caul, R. Taagepera, and B. Grofman, UC Irvine. "The Politics of the Seventeenth Amendment," D. Wirls, UC Santa Cruz, and S. James, UC Los Angeles. CITADEL: "It's the Variable, Dummy: Party and Region in Congressional Ideology, 1947-1996," F. B. Feigert, U. of North Texas. "Party Organization and Floor Conflict: The Linkage of Party Caucuses to Two Dimensions of Legislative Party Voting in Newly Competitive Chambers," R. B. Anderson, Auburn U. "The Continuing Decline of Southern White Democrats in the House: 1992-1996," K. A. Hill and N. C. Rae, Florida International U.
LEGISLATIVE STRUCTURES AND ORGANIZATION BACK TO TOP MPSA: "Comparative Parliamentary and Party Politics in the Czech Republic and Slovakia," K. Deegan Krause, U. of Notre Dame. "Congress, Interest Groups, and the Bureaucracy: The Appointment of Members to the National Drinking Water Advisory Council 1995-1997," S.J. Balla and J. R. Wright, George Washington U. "Divided Parliaments: The Budgetary Effect of Intercameral Partisan Differences in Bicameral Legislatures," W. B. Heller, U. of Nebraska, Lincoln. "Dynamics of Parliamentary Systems: Elections, Governments, and Parliaments," D. Baron, Stanford U., and D. Diermeier, Northwestern U. "Evolution of Floor Management in the U.S. Senate," G. Gamm, U. of Rochester, and S. S. Smith, U. of Minnesota. "Gender Differences in the Structure and Function of the First Polish and Czech Post-Communist Parliaments: A Preliminary Comparison," R. Siemienska, U. of Warsaw, and M. Simon, East Carolina U. "Getting to the Top: Factors Influencing the Selection of Women to Positions of Leadership in State Legislatures," T. H. Little, U. of Texas-Austin. "Institutional Change in the House of Representatives, 1867-1986: A Test of Partisan and Median Voter Models," E. Schickler, UC Berkeley. "Leadership and Institutional Development During the Speakership of Henry Clay," R. Strahan, V. Moscardelli, M. Haspel, and R. S. Wike, Emory U. "Media Leadership in the House of Representatives, 1969-1996: Legislative Strategies of Going Public and Staying Private," D. B. Harris, Colgate U. "Parliamentary Committees and Changing Deputy Roles in the Czech Parliament, 1993-1996," M. Simon and S. Q. Kelly, East Carolina U. "Reversing the Institutionalization of the U.S. Congress," R. D. Renka, Southeast Missouri State U., and D. E. Ponder, U. of Colorado-Colorado Springs. "Rules in the Florida State Legislature," A. Jewett and R. Handberg, U. of Central Florida. "Structure Over Culture: Comparing LDP Factions in Japan's Upper and Lower Houses," G. Cox, UC San Diego, F. Rosenbluth, Yale U., and Michael Thies, UC Los Angeles. "The Herding of Cats: Leadership, Uncertainty and Signaling in the U.S. Congress," C. M. Rhodes, Rice U. "The Silent Revolution: Republican Leadership in the U.S. House of Representatives," C. DeGregorio, American U. "Toward a Theory of Congressional Policy Leadership," D. J. Webber, U. of Missouri-Columbia. "Wolves in Sheep's Clothing, Part II: Preference Outliers and Interest Group Ratings in Empirical Tests of Distributive, Informational, and Partisan Theories of Legislative Organization," J. W. Bay, Northwestern U. SWPSA: "Legislative Fiscal Offices and Workloads," A. Chadha, P. Gentle, and A. Permaloff, Auburn U. "Party Leadership, Committee Structure, and Decision Making in the Florida Legislature," J. Edwin Benton, U. of South Florida. WPSA: "Bipartisan Legislative Delegation, Divided Government and the Median-Seeking Hypothesis: The Case of Washington, 1948-1994," P. L. Gianos, California State U-Fullerton. "Exercising Control: The Power of State House Speakers," R. A. Clucas, Portland State U. "Government Performance: Cabinet Type and the Department of Economy," C. Beall, UC Santa Barbara. "Institutional Bases of Formal Constraints on Bureaucratic Action," R. D. Shaap, UC Los Angeles, and M. Rosenblum, UC San Diego. "Institutional Change in the House of Representatives, 1867-1986," E. Schickler, UC Berkeley. "Is State Leadership Capacity Gendered?" M. Whicker and M. Collins, Rutgers U., and B. Cannon, U. of Kentucky. "Issue Visibility and Exercising Power: A Study of the State Legislature and Administrative Staff," L. W. Frandsen, U. of Utah. "Partisan Differences in Procedural Choice, 1789-1996," P. D. Singh, UC Los Angeles. "Staff Allocations, Enterprises, and Organizational Fields," S. E. Johnson, U. of Arizona. "Structure Over Culture: Comparing LDP Factions in Japan's Upper and Lower Houses," M. Theis, UC Los Angeles, G. Cox, UC San Diego, and F. Rosenbluth, Yale U.
LEGISLATIVE-EXECUTIVE RELATIONS BACK TO TOP MPSA: "A Theory of Legislative Delegation," C. Campbell, Florida International U. "Choosing How to Decide: Efficient Policy Making Under Separate Powers," S. O'Halloran, Hoover Institution and Columbia University. "Congressional Influence, Bureaucratic Autonomy, and the FDA," C. R. Shipan, U. of Michigan. "Divided Government: The Public Preference for Limited Power," D. Hollern Harvey, U. of Maryland. "Divided We Govern: A New Quantitative Approach," B. P. Janiskee, Central Connecticut State U., S. Zenter, California State U., San Bernardino. "Follow the Leader: The Effects of Presidential Support on Representatives' Electoral Fortunes," P. Gronke, Duke U., J. Q.W. Koch, SUNY Geneseo, and J. M. Wilson, Duke U. "How Cabinet Instability Affects Bureaucratic Performance in Parliamentary Democracy," J. D. Huber, U. of Michigan, and A. Lupia, UC San Diego. "Rethinking Presidential Veto Threats: Agenda Control, Vetoes, and Overrides in the Policy Process," B. Sala, U. of Illinois-Urbana. "The Division of Bureaucratic Control: A Model of Executive Appointments and Legislative Oversight," N. McCarty and R. Razaghian, Columbia U. "The Effect of Divided Government on the Passage of Appropriations Bills in the U.S. Congress, 1947-1996," G. Thorson and Tasina Nitschke, U. of Minnesota, Morris. "The Link Between Party Polarization and Divided Government," D. Kimball, Ohio State U. "Veto Power and the American Constitution," G. Tsebelis and J. Lin, UC Los Angeles. "Yet Another Two Presidencies Paper," R. Fleisher, Fordham U., J. R. Bond and G. S. Krutz, Texas A&M U. SWPSA: "Declining Deference to Presidential Nominations," S. L. Spray, U. of the South. "Intelligence Accountability After the Cold War," D. Ray and M. Korb, U. of Oklahoma. "Secret Democracy: An Historical Analysis of the Roots of Presidential-Congressional Struggles for Control of Covert Operations," J. J. Carter, Central Methodist College. "The Perilous Experiment: Examining the Substance of Roll Calls and Presidential Success in Congress, 1953-1996," D. M. Simon, Southern Methodist U. WPSA: "Divided Government and the Nationalization of Social Policy," M. Rose-Butler, Portland State U. "Divided Government and Two-Term Presidents," R. S. Conley, U. of Maryland. "The Effect of Divided Government on U.S. Trade Policy: Much Ado About Nothing?" D. Karol, UC Los Angeles. "Uneasy Partners in Diplomacy: Eisenhower, Congress, and Superpower Summitry," D. Brattebo, U.S. Naval Academy. CITADEL: "Contemporary Executive/Legisla-tive Relations in Virginia," L. L. Schack, Virginia Commonwealth U.
LEGISLATIVE AND PUBLIC POLICY BACK TO TOP MPSA: "Agenda Setting in State Legislatures," C. Rackaway and J. L. Adams, U. of Missouri. "Bicameralism Agreement Mechanisms and Welfare Properties," J. R. Rogers, Texas A&M U. "Competing Gender Ideologies in Congress: The Case of Welfare Reform," G. Duerst-Lahti, Beloit College. "DOA Bills in the Texas Legislature," H. Tucker, Texas A&M U. "Examining Civil Rights Roll Call Voting in the Senate, 1957-1991," F. Sanders, U. of Texas-San Antonio. "If a Tree Falls. . . Policy Making When Nothing Seems to Happen," S. Barclay and T. Birkland, SUNY Albany. "Incrementalism, Budget Deals, and Congressional Power Structures-What Really Matters to Budget Policy?: Insights from a Behavior Analysis of the U.S. Federal Budget from 1960-1995," M. Berner, LBJ School of Public Affairs. "Institutional Affect, Welfare Reform, and the 104th Congress," K. Casey, Rutgers U. "Law Making and Decree Making in the Russian Federation," T. F. Remington, S. Smith, and M. Haspel, Emory U. "Particularistic Interests in a Constrained Fiscal Environment: A Longitudinal Analysis of Appropriations Bills in the Senate," B. W. Marshall and B. C. Prins, Michigan State U. "Party vs. Committee-Centered Theories of Legislative Policy Making: Evidence from Defense Contracting," B. Rundquist and T. Carsey, U. of Illinois-Chicago. "Political Geography, Counter-Coalitions, and Interest Group Influence in U.S. Trade Policy," W. Schiller, Brown U. and the Brookings Institution, and F. McGillivray, Washington U. in St. Louis. "Public Policy and Legislative Choice," D. J. Brill, U. of Georgia. "Quiet Influence: The Reputation of Exporters, Consumers, and Others on Postwar Trade Policy," M. Bailey Georgetown U. "Seniority and Pork: Do Senior Members of Congress Deliver the Goods?" D. Modde, U. of Iowa. "Shaping the Media's Agenda: The Case of Medicare Reform and the 104th Congress," M. Zis, U. of Minnesota. "Speaking For Women? Women's Health and Reproductive Rights Policy in the 103rd and 104th Congresses," D. L. Dodson, Rutgers U. "Strategic Issue Framing in the Congressional Debate Over Gays in the Military in 1993," R. Dion, Wabash College. "The Communications Decency Act: Symbolic Politics and Congressional Policymaking," K. Dalianis and M. J. Zarkin, U. of Florida. "The Media and the 103rd Congress: When to Cover Policy Making in Congress," M. Watts, Florida International U. "The Two-Senators Thesis: Foreign Policy Senators vs. Domestic Policy Senators and the Impact of a Resurgent Congress on U.S. Foreign Policy," J. Patten, Buena Vista U. "Where Were Congresswomen When Welfare Was Reformed?" N. Norton, UC San Diego. "Why Differences Matter: The Impact of Hispanics and Asians in Congress," D. Levy, SUNY Brockport, and C. Tien, Hunter College, CUNY. SWPSA: "Delegate, Trustee, or Just Plain Confused: State-Level Legislative Attitudes Toward Regulating Genetic Screening Technology," P. R. Imperato, U. of North Dakota. "Gender Perceptions' Impact on Foreign Policy Decisionmaking," R. P. Scott, U. of Missouri, Kansas City. "House and Senate: Differences in Explanations for Support for Voting Rights Legislation," A. Johnson Benifield, U. of Alabama-Birmingham. "Legislative Response to the 'Colonia' Problem of South Texas," J. R. Hinojosa, U. of Texas, Pan American. "The Effect of Gender in the Legislative Bodies From the Feminist Standpoint Theory," L. Chiang, U. of Southern California. WPSA: "Change and Continuity in Congressional Foreign Policy," R. P. Rose, UC Davis. "Ecofeminist Theory and Reality: A Roll Call Analysis of Environmental Votes in the U.S. House of Representatives," W. M. Salka, Colorado State U. "Electoral Competition and the Distribution of Public Opinion: Senate Voting on NAFTA and the Environment," G. J. Gulati, U. of Virginia. "Linking Political Orientations of National Legislatures to Socio-Economic Policy," M. L. Whicker and H. Isaacs, Rutgers U. "Political Stability in American, British, and German National Health," C. B. Jensen, UC Los Angeles. "Reworking the Architecture: Measuring the Effect of Issue Salience on Congressional Issue Change," B. D. Jones and V. F. Hunt, U. of Washington. "Rupture, Leakage, and Reconstruction: The Naturalization of Gender in Breast Implant Legislation," A. Bloom and K. I. Roberts, U. of Washington. "Strategic Issue Framing in the Congressional Debate Over Gays in the Military in 1993," R. Dion, Wabash College. "Transmitting Factor Preferences: Tariff Votes in the U.S. Senate," A. Rozzi, UC Los Angeles. CITADEL: "Paper on Voting Patterns in the South Carolina Legislature on Confederate Flag-Related Issues," J. A. Clark, U. of Georgia.
LEGISLATURES AND COURTS BACK TO TOP MPSA: "A Comparative Analysis of State Legislative Response to Hawaii's Judicial Acceptance of Same-Sex Marriage," M. Dupuis, Western Illinois U. "An Empirical Test of Congressional Control of Judicial Review," J. Smith, U. of Texas-Austin. "State Legislative and Judicial Innovation and Reinvention: Advance Directions for Health Policy," D. Smith, Cornell College.
INTEREST GROUPS, PACS AND LOBBYING BACK TO TOP MPSA: "Christian Right Influence and Congressional Voting," D. Weber, American U. "Corporate and Labor PAC Contributions in House Elections: Measuring the Effects of Majority Party Status," T. J. Rudolph, U. of Minnesota. "Corporate Political Activity, Managerial Interests, and Anti-Takeover Legislation in the 99th Congress (1985-86)," D. Eckel, Marymount U. "Entrepreneurial Interest Groups: A Prospect Theory Explanation for the Distribution of Industry Group Funds to Members of Congress," C. R. Shapiro, Dartmouth College. "Interest Group Access and Influence in a State Legislature," J. Comer, U. of Nebraska. "Legislators as Agents of Lobbyists," R. Hall, U. of Michigan. "Lobbying and the Legislative Process in the European Union," C. Crombez, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven. "Tests of Vote-Buying Theories in Coalition Formation in Legislatures," A. Wiseman, Stanford U. "The Effect of the AFL-CIO's 'Vote Education' Campaigns on the 1996 House Elections," G. Jacobson, U. C. San Diego. "Warring Factions: Senators, Interest Groups, and the Politics of Appointing Federal Executives," L. M. Cohen, U. of Oklahoma. SWPSA: "American State Lobbyists: Group Context," J. J. Carroll, U. of Mass-Dartmouth, and M. S. Hyde, Providence College. "The Dimensionality of Corporate Political Involvement," D. Schuler, Rice U. "The Logic of Collective PACs," J. W. Endersby, U. of Missouri-Columbia. "The Influence of the NRA in the 1994 House Elections: Evidence from the Individual Level." C. Kenney, Louisiana State U. WPSA: "China, Christians, and Cross-Pressures: The Vote on Most Favored Nation Trade Status in the 105th House," D. Hogberg, U. of Iowa. "Interest Groups and Political Parties: The British Experience," W. A. Maloney, U. of Aberdeen. "Lobbying and Information Provision by Special Interest Groups," M. Bennedsen, Harvard U., and S. Feldmann, U. Chicago. "Social Movements and Institutions: A Seventeenth-Century Case," D. Kimball, UC Los Angeles. "Still the Indispensable Patron? Union Power and the Foundations of Democratic Pluralism," D. Sousa, U. of Puget Sound. "The Dealignment of Pluralism," J. Whitten, U. of Southern California. "The People's Chamber: Petition Activity and Citizen Influence on Legislation in the House of Representatives, 1789-1850," L. Kowalsky, U. of Missouri-St. Louis. "The Political Party-Interest Group Connection: The American Experience," R. Hrebenar, University of Utah, and C. Thomas, U. of Alaska-Southeast. CITADEL: "Payback or Continuity? G.O.P. Support of the Religious Right in the New Republican House of Representatives," M. C. Smith, U. of Georgia.
CREATION AND LEGITIMATION OF ASSEMBLIES BACK TO TOP MPSA: "Becoming Europeans? European Parliamentarians as an Elite Constituency of Support for Integration," R. M. Scully, Brunel U. "Bicameralism," G. Tsebelis, UC Los Angeles. "Democratizing Legislatures: An Analysis of Support for Decentralizing Reform in the Venezuelan Congress," M. R. Kulisheck, U. of Pittsburgh. "Legislative-Party Cohesiveness in Post-Transition Chile," J. Carey, Washington University in St. Louis. "Rationalizing Parliament," J. D. Huber, U. of Michigan. "Socialists Building Capitalism: Party Discipline and Hungary's Stabilization Program," D. Morlang, Duke U. "The Paradoxical State: Congress, the Military, and Statebuilding in Antebellum America," J. S. Lapinski and I. Katznelson, Columbia U. SWPSA: "Central American Legislative Development," A. Chavarria, Southwest Texas State U. "Women and Democratization in Egypt: 1918-1981," L. K. Landolt, U. of
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